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Additional Resources for Assessment Tools
N-PASS. Hummel PA et al. Clinical reliability and validity of the N-PASS: neonatal pain, agitation and sedation scale with prolonged pain. J Perinatol 2007; 28: 55-60.
Pain Assessment Tool (PAT) Hodgkinson K, Bear M, Thorn J, Blaricum S. Measuring pain in neonates: Evaluating an instrument and developing a common language. J Adv Nurs 1994;12(1):17-22.
The Distress Scale for Ventilated Newborn Infants (DSVNI) Sparshott M. The development of a clinical distress scale for ventilated newborn infants: identification of pain and distress based on validated behavioural scores. J Neonatal Nurs 1996;2:5- 11.
The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) Lawrence J, Alco*ck D, McGrath J, Kay S, et al. The development of a tool to assess neonatal pain. Neonatal Network, 1993;12(6):59-66.
